Which condition leads to progressive deterioration of cognitive functions due to enzyme deficiencies?

Sanfilippo Syndrome is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by the progressive deterioration of cognitive functions due to deficiencies in specific enzymes. It affects the breakdown of certain complex carbohydrates, leading to an accumulation of harmful substances in the body, particularly in the brain. This accumulation ultimately results in various neurological symptoms, including cognitive decline, behavioral issues, and loss of motor skills, which progressively worsen over time.

While adrenoleukodystrophy and galactosemia are also serious conditions linked to enzyme deficiencies, they manifest differently. Adrenoleukodystrophy primarily affects the nervous system and adrenal glands, leading to metabolic issues without the same progressive cognitive decline and specific accumulation pattern seen in Sanfilippo Syndrome. Galactosemia involves the inability to metabolize galactose but does not specifically lead to a progressive decline in cognitive function as a primary symptom.

Thus, the uniqueness of Sanfilippo Syndrome, particularly its focus on cognition due to specific enzyme deficiencies, makes it the most fitting answer for the question regarding progressive cognitive deterioration.